Gradual Correction of Neglected Clubfoot Deformity Using the Ilizarov External Fixator: Clinical and Functional Outcomes

Open Access

Abstract

Background: Neglected clubfoot deformity poses significant functional and psychosocial challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings. The Ilizarov external fixator offers gradual correction potential, yet local outcome data remain sparse. Objective: To evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of gradual correction of neglected clubfoot deformity using the Ilizarov external fixator. Methods & Materials: This prospective observational study was conducted at National Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, from January 2021 to December 2025. A total of 25 patients with neglected clubfoot deformity underwent gradual correction using the Ilizarov external fixator. Clinical and functional outcomes were assessed using standardized scoring systems. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Results: The mean preoperative Dimeglio score improved significantly from 12.4 ± 3.2 to 3.6 ± 1.8 postoperatively (p<0.001). Excellent functional outcomes were achieved in 68.0% of patients (n=17). Pin site infection occurred in 20.0% (n=5), and recurrence was observed in 8.0% (n=2). Mean fixator time was 14.6 ± 3.4 weeks. Conclusion: The Ilizarov external fixator provides effective gradual correction of neglected clubfoot deformity with favorable functional outcomes and acceptable complication rates. This technique offers a reliable treatment option in resource-limited settings where early intervention is often delayed.