A study of Patterns, Toxic Agent and Contributing Factors in Death due to Poisoning

Open Access

Abstract

Background: Poisoning is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with young adults in developing countries disproportionately affected. In Bangladesh, pesticides and household chemicals are major contributors to poisoning-related deaths, yet region-specific data on patterns, toxic agents, and precipitating factors remain limited. Aim of the study: To evaluate the demographic patterns, toxic agents, and contributing psychosocial factors associated with poisoning-related deaths in Bangladesh to inform preventive strategies and improve clinical management. Methods & Materials: A retrospective study, conducted in 126 cases, data were collected from a predesigned format of autopsy reports, hospital notes and inquest reports all performed at Dhaka Medical College (DMC) Morgue during the year of January’2024 to June 2024. The data received were carefully recorded later, analyzed by computer and organized in tables. Result: Young adults (21–30 years) were the most affected group (30.16%), with a slight female predominance (53.97%). Housewives (27.78%) and farmers (23.81%) were the most vulnerable occupational groups. Organophosphorus compounds were the leading toxic agents (44.44%), followed by aluminum phosphide (20.63%) and zinc phosphide (14.29%). Familial disharmony/domestic conflict (31.75%), failure in personal affairs (15.87%), and examination failure (14.29%) were the primary precipitating factors. Conclusion: Poisoning-related deaths in Bangladesh predominantly affect young adults, with pesticides as the major toxic agents and psychosocial stressors as key triggers. Targeted public health interventions, regulation of hazardous chemicals, and mental health support are essential to reduce poisoning-related morbidity and mortality.